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class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote \" data-mfn=\"2\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"000000003f33f29a000000006ec6d1cf_1625\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-000000003f33f29a000000006ec6d1cf_1625-2\">2<\/a><\/sup><span id=\"mfn-content-000000003f33f29a000000006ec6d1cf_1625-2\" role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" 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href=\"https:\/\/www.thepaper.cn\/newsDetail_forward_24350705\">\u65e5\u672c\u6838\u5e9f\u6c34\u6392\u6d77\u671f\u95f4\u66fe\u7ecf\u6709\u8fc7\u4e00\u6bb5\u62a2\u76d0\u7684\u70ed\u6f6e<\/a>\uff0c\u672c\u8d28\u4e0a\u5c31\u662f\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u7ecf\u8fc7\u8c23\u8a00\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u540e\uff0c\u628a\u81ea\u8eab\u6015\u88ab\u8f90\u5c04\u5f71\u54cd\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u9700\u6c42\uff0c\u4e0e\u98df\u76d0\u8fd9\u4e00\u7269\u8d28\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u7ed1\u5b9a\u8d77\u6765\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u90a3\u4e9b\u88ab\u8c23\u8a00\u5f71\u54cd\u7684\u4eba\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e70\u76d0\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u4e70\u5b89\u5168\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u73b0\u5728\u793e\u4f1a\u7269\u8d28\u6d88\u8d39\u5e02\u573a\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4f7f\u4eba\u4eec\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5730\u628a\u5b89\u5168\u611f\uff0c\u6210\u5c31\u611f\uff0c\u4f18\u8d8a\u611f\uff08\u7b49\u57fa\u4e8e\u6b32\u671b\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u9700\u6c42\uff09\u548c\u7269\u8d28\u548c\u6d88\u8d39\u4e0e\u83b7\u5f97\u8d22\u5bcc\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77<\/strong>\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u4f1a\u5e0c\u671b\u8d5a\u94b1\uff0c\u90fd\u6709\uff08\u901a\u8fc7\u5de5\u4f5c\u751f\u6d3b\u7b49\uff09\u8d5a\u53d6\u66f4\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7269\u8d28\u751f\u6d3b\u6216\u8005\u66b4\u5bcc\u7684\u610f\u613f\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u6210\u957f\u4e2d\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u81ea\u52a8\u628a\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u7cbe\u795e\u9700\u6c42\u548c\u7269\u8d28\u8d22\u5bcc\u81ea\u52a8\u7ed1\u5b9a\u4e86\uff08\u91d1\u94b1\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5feb\u4e50\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u7136\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed1\u5b9a\u5bf9\u4e8e\u793e\u4f1a\u751f\u6d3b\u662f\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\uff0c\u6bd5\u7adf\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed1\u5b9a\uff0c\u4eba\u5bf9\u8d5a\u94b1\u7f3a\u4e4f\u6210\u5c31\u611f\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u4e0d\u65ad\u8d28\u7591\u81ea\u5df1\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8981\u8d5a\u94b1\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u5bf9\u7269\u8d28\u4e0d\u611f\u5174\u8da3\u4e86\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u7a77\u56f0\u6f66\u5012\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u751f\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u7cbe\u795e\u4ef7\u503c\u4e0e\u7cbe\u795e\u8d44\u6e90<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC#:~:text=%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC,%EF%BC%8C%E6%B3%9B%E6%8C%87%E5%AE%A2%E4%BD%93%E5%AF%B9%E4%BA%8E%E4%B8%BB%E4%BD%93%E8%A1%A8%E7%8E%B0%E5%87%BA%E6%9D%A5%E7%9A%84%E6%AD%A3%E9%9D%A2%E6%84%8F%E4%B9%89%E5%92%8C%E6%9C%89%E7%94%A8%E6%80%A7%E3%80%82%20%E5%8F%AF%E8%A6%96%E7%82%BA%E6%98%AF%E8%83%BD%E5%A4%A0%E5%85%AC%E6%AD%A3%E4%B8%94%E9%81%A9%E7%95%B6%E5%8F%8D%E6%98%A0%E5%95%86%E5%93%81%E3%80%81%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99%E6%88%96%E9%87%91%E9%8C%A2%E7%AD%89%E5%80%BC%E7%9A%84%E7%B8%BD%E9%A1%8D%E3%80%82\">\u4ef7\u503c\u6cdb\u6307\u5ba2\u4f53\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e3b\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u6b63\u9762\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u6709\u7528\u6027<\/a>\uff0c\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u88ab\u9700\u8981\u7684\u7a0b\u5ea6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e8b\u7269\u4e0d\u4f46\u4e0d\u88ab\u7cbe\u795e\u6240\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u8fd8\u5bf9\u7cbe\u795e\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u6ee1\u8db3\u4ea7\u751f\u4e86\u8d1f\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5b83\u5c31\u662f\u8d1f\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u800c\u7cbe\u795e\u8d44\u6e90\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u81ea\u6211\u8c03\u52a8\u7cbe\u795e\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73b0\u5728\u7ecf\u5e38\u6709\u4e2a\u8bcd\u53eb<a href=\"https:\/\/wiki.mbalib.com\/wiki\/%E6%83%85%E7%BB%AA%E4%BB%B7%E5%80%BC\">\u60c5\u7eea\u4ef7\u503c<\/a>\u3002\uff08\u5982\u679c\u6309\u7167\u4e0a\u4e00\u7ae0\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff09\u60c5\u7eea\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u5c31\u662f\u7cbe\u795e\u4ef7\u503c\u4e2d\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8868\u73b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff08\u5982\u540c\u60c5\u7eea\u9700\u6c42\u662f\u7cbe\u795e\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6b63\u8d44\u4ea7\u5f80\u5f80\u66f4\u5bb9\u6613\u901a\u8fc7\u5229\u6eda\u5229\u7684\u521b\u9020\u6b63\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u8d1f\u8d44\u4ea7\uff08\u503a\u52a1)\u4e5f\u5bb9\u6613\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u66f4\u591a\u8d1f\u4ef7\u503c\uff08\u503a\u6eda\u503a\u8d8a\u9677\u8d8a\u6df1\uff09\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u8d44\u4ea7\u4e5f\u662f\u540c\u7406\u3002\u60c5\u7eea\u6b63\u8d44\u4ea7\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u66f4\u5229\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u60c5\u7eea\u7684\u5229\u606f\u521b\u9020\u60c5\u7eea\u6b63\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u6709\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u8d44\u6e90<sup class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote \" data-mfn=\"6\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"000000003f33f29a000000006ec6d1cf_1625\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-000000003f33f29a000000006ec6d1cf_1625-6\">6<\/a><\/sup><span id=\"mfn-content-000000003f33f29a000000006ec6d1cf_1625-6\" role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"6\">\u60c5\u7eea\u4e3a\u6b63\u8d44\u4ea7<\/span>\u4e14\u80fd\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60c5\u7eea\uff08\u751f\u6d3b\uff09<sup class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote \" data-mfn=\"7\" data-mfn-post-scope=\"000000003f33f29a000000006ec6d1cf_1625\"><a href=\"javascript:void(0)\"  role=\"button\" aria-pressed=\"false\" aria-describedby=\"mfn-content-000000003f33f29a000000006ec6d1cf_1625-7\">7<\/a><\/sup><span id=\"mfn-content-000000003f33f29a000000006ec6d1cf_1625-7\" role=\"tooltip\" class=\"modern-footnotes-footnote__note\" tabindex=\"0\" data-mfn=\"7\">\u80fd\u5229\u7528\u8bf4\u660e\u6709\u610f\u5fd7\u8d44\u6e90\uff08\u56e0\u4e3a\u610f\u5fd7\u662f\u80fd\u52a8\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u77e5\u9053\u600e\u4e48\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u60c5\u7eea\u53d8\u597d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u60c5\u7eea\u53d8\u597d\u7684\u52a8\u529b\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u8bf4\u660e\u5176\u7f3a\u4e4f\u610f\u5fd7\u8d44\u6e90\uff09<\/span>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u4e3a\u4ed6\u5904\u4e8e\u5e78\u798f\u5f53\u4e2d\u2014\u2014\u5e78\u798f = \u4e30\u539a\u7684\u60c5\u7eea\u60c5\u611f\u6b63\u8d44\u4ea7+\u4e30\u539a\u7684\u610f\u5fd7\u80fd\u52a8\u6b63\u8d44\u4ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u67d0\u4e2a\u4f53\u9a8c\/\u5fc3\u7406\u6d3b\u52a8\u8ba9\u67d0\u4eba\u53d8\u5f97\u5f00\u5fc3=\u8fd9\u4e2a\u4f53\u9a8c\/\u5fc3\u7406\u6d3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u67d0\u4eba\u6709\u6b63\u60c5\u7eea\u4ef7\u503c\uff1b\u4f7f\u4eba\u53d8\u5f97\u4e0d\u5f00\u5fc3=\u6709\u8d1f\u60c5\u7eea\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u5904\u4e8e\u4e00\u79cd\u5f00\u5fc3\u5e78\u798f\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d = \u60c5\u7eea\u8d44\u6e90\u4e3a\u6b63\u8d44\u4ea7\uff1b\u5904\u4e8e\u538b\u6291\u75db\u82e6\u7b49\u72b6\u6001\u4e2d = \u60c5\u7eea\u8d44\u6e90\u4e3a\u8d1f\u8d44\u4ea7\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u60c5\u7eea\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u6765\u7406\u89e3\u8ba4\u77e5\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u610f\u5fd7\uff08\u80fd\u52a8\uff09\u4ef7\u503c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u8d44\u6e90\uff08\u8d44\u4ea7\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ee5\u88ab\u8ba4\u540c\u611f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8ba4\u77e5\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u6765\u8bb2\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n<p>\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u88ab\u8ba4\u540c\u3001\u88ab\u80af\u5b9a\u3001\u88ab\u559c\u7231\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c=\u5f97\u5230\u57fa\u4e8e\u88ab\u8ba4\u540c\u611f\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u4ef7\u503c\uff1b\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u88ab\u5426\u5b9a\u3001\u88ab\u8d28\u7591\u3001\u88ab\u538c\u6076\u7684\u4f53\u9a8c=\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u57fa\u4e8e\u88ab\u8ba4\u540c\u611f\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u4ef7\u503c\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e\u88ab\u8ba4\u540c\u611f\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u8d44\u4ea7&#8211;\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u4ece\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0a\u5305\u542b\u7740\u611f\u89c9\u3001\u77e5\u89c9\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u601d\u7ef4\u3001\u60f3\u8c61\u548c\u8bed\u8a00\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u7ec6\u5206\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u8ba4\u77e5\u4ef7\u503c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u518d\u8fd9\u4e9b\u65b9\u9762\u4e0a\u518d\u7ec6\u5206\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\u8bf4\u806a\u660e\u4eba\u5c31\u64c5\u957f\u4ea7\u51fa\u9ad8\u601d\u7ef4\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u67d0\u4e9b\u4eba\u7b2c\u516d\u611f\u5f88\u597d\uff08\u80fd\u9047\u89c1\u672a\u6765\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u4ed6\u6709\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u518d\u540c\u7406\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u610f\u5fd7\uff08\u80fd\u52a8\uff09\u4ef7\u503c\u800c\u8a00\u2014\u2014\u6bd4\u522b\u4eba\u66f4\u6709\u81ea\u7531\u611f\u66f4\u6709\u80fd\u52a8\u529b = \u610f\u5fd7\u9700\u6c42\u4e3a\u6b63\u8d44\u4ea7 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